An Attic Paper-boy? Probably, 'one who brings joy'.

The inscription known as IG I³ 1281 (= IG I² 1051) reads ΧΑΡΤΟ and no more. Since it is from Attica and dated to c. 450 BCE, the <Ο> could represent or <ου> or <ω>. If this is a noun, the first and the last can be ruled out on morphological grounds (I presume that the iota of the dative singular would have been written at this time).

Kurtz-Boardman, p. 123, fig. 22a

LGPN takes this as the genitive χάρτου of a name Χάρτης, as in the Index to IG I³ (cf., perh., papyrus(-roll) χάρτης m., Latin charta f.) and, as of today, knows only this instance. An alternative is suggested: Χάρτος (as in the Index to IG Supp. and IG I²); cf. χαρτός.

There are several names in χαρ- [χαίρω]. 

See Bechtel, pp. 469-470. See also Bechtel, pp. 468-469, for names related to χαρμή.

Notes on Ionic verse inscriptions

BMI 952 (= Schwyzer 430, IG IX,1 649, and CEG I 391: LSAG) features:
(1) a masc. a-stem, without final sigma, of a unique personal name: Ἐξοίδα (IG l.c. has Εὐσ-); (2) the genitive singular Διϝὸς; and, (3) the spelling of the dual ϙόˉροιν.

The Poinikastas description amuses me: 'Bronze disk dedicated to the Kioskouroi by Exoides, probably from Kephallenia'.

Triphiodorus

The Loeb blurb comments, "and Tryphiodorus (papyri reveal the correct spelling to be “Triphiodorus”) deals with The Taking of Troy in 691 lines, beginning with the Wooden Horse and ending with the sacrifice of Polyxena.".

These papyri cannot be the one from Oxyrhynchus, P.Oxy. XLI 2946. The evidence of the documentary papyri can be assembled through Trismegistos People.

If the first member is τριφι-ο-, the Graeco-Egyptian deity Triphis is involved in a name with a geographically restricted distribution.

Lexical studies (Italian).

M.L. West wrote in Gnomon 42.7 (1970), 657-661 at 661, of Livrea's edition of Colluthus: 'I hope that Livrea will persevere with his edition of Triphiodorus ; that he will give it a more comprehensive introduction, a less constipated apparatus, and a better-balanced commentary; and that he will stop spelling the poet's name with a y.'.

LGPN knows no bearers of this name at this date of either spelling.

'Get your s-stem personal names right, boy!'

Phrynichus wrote:

(127q) Ἡρακλέα, Περικλέα, Θεμιστοκλέα ἐπεκτείνων *τὴν τελευταίαν συλλαβὴν (*τὴν
ἐσχάτην) λέγε, ἀλλὰ μὴ Ἡρακλῆν, Περικλῆν, Θεμιστοκλῆν.

See also Buck, sect. 108.1 (and a) and 108.2. In relation to the second of those issues, note that Plato has Σωκράτη as the accusative, but Xenophon has Σωκράτην.

Named and anonymous horses

In addition to the legend(s) of Bucephalus, a form of the Alexander Romance also names another of Alexander's horses: Πετάσιος (recensio γ, Ι.19 (line 31). LGPN knows of no human bearers of that name.

Herodotus tell us that the name of Darius' horse was given on a monument, but only the name of his groom, Obares, is reported to us.

What's in a name

Ἐτεο-κλῆς or -κλέης, the name of the 'defender' of Thebes against the 'Theban (or Argive) Seven', is found:

(a) in Mycenean as e-te-wo-ke-re-we-i-jo as a patronymic adjective 'of Ἐτεϝοκλέϝης' (PY An 657 and Aq 64); cf. the phrase in the genitive at Iliad 4.386: βίης Ἐρεοκληείη.

(b) in Sanskrit as satyá-śravas ('adj. nom. m. 'of true fame,' becomes the name of a man...'; see A.A. MacDonell, A Sanskrit Grammar for Students, p. 176, sect. 189b).

Cf. -ανδρος, -ά̄νωρ.

See also M.L. West, 'The Rise of Greek Epic', JHS 108 (1988): 153, for other fame names throughout the IE daughter languages.

See also Pṛthu-śravas RV I 116.21, Ṛjiśvan- (?), Ṛjāśva RV I 116.16 (p. 183 and 185 of Ο' Flaherty's translation, but R̥jāśravas in its Index, p. 338).

Herodotus and Muhammad Ali Jinnah on the ingredients of (an) ethnic identity

Herodotus, famously, says (that the Athenians said...):

Πολλά τε γὰρ καὶ μεγάλα ἐστὶ τὰ διακωλύοντα ταῦτα μὴ ποιέειν μηδ’ ἢν ἐθέλωμεν· πρῶτα μὲν καὶ μέγιστα τῶν θεῶν τὰ ἀγάλματα καὶ τὰ οἰκήματα ἐμπεπρησμένα τε
καὶ συγκεχωσμένα, τοῖσι ἡμέας ἀναγκαίως ἔχει τιμωρέειν ἐς τὰ μέγιστα μᾶλλον ἤ περ ὁμολογέειν τῷ ταῦτα ἐργασαμένῳ· αὖτις δὲ τὸ Ἑλληνικόν, ἐὸν ὅμαιμόν τε καὶ ὁμόγλωσσον, καὶ θεῶν ἱδρύματά τε κοινὰ καὶ θυσίαι ἤθεά τε ὁμότροπα, τῶν προδότας γενέσθαι Ἀθηναίους οὐκ ἂν εὖ ἔχοι.

8.144.2

Muhammad Ali Jinnah's reply (17 September 1944) to Gandhi’s contention (15 September 1944); “I find no parallel in history for a body of converts and their descendants claiming to be a nation apart from the parent stock":

"We maintain and hold that Muslims and Hindus are two major nations by any definition or test of a nation. We are a nation of a hundred million people, and, what is more, we are a nation with our own distinctive culture and civilization, language and literature, art and architecture, names and nomenclature, sense of value and proportion, legal laws and moral codes, customs and calendar, history and traditions, aptitudes and ambitions – in short, we have our own distinctive outlook on life and of life. By all canons of international law we are a nation."

Architecture gets another mention in this speech of December 1946.

-ίδᾱς in names from Mytilene, Lesbos, in the time of Sappho and/or Alcaeus

Ἀ̄γεσιλαίδᾱς, (Alc.130.19) a friend of the poet.
Ἀρχεανακτίδᾱς (Alc.112.24)
Ἀισιμίδᾱς (Alc.365)
Ἀντιμενίδᾱς (Alc.350), the poet's brother.
Δᾱμοανακτίδᾱς (Alc.296 (b) 1)
Κλεανακτίδᾱς (LGPN: "Alc. frr. 112, 23; 444; Sapph. fr. 98 (b), 7; Str. 617 (Κλεανακτίδαι (patr. adj.))"), Myrsilos.

Πενθιλήᾱν[ (gen.pl.) Sapph.71.3: Πενθιλειος.
Πενθιλίδας (acc.pl.) Arist.Pol.1311b27, Πενθιλιδῶν (gen.pl.), Plu. De sollertia animalium 984E3.

Πωλυανακτίδᾱς (Sapph.99.i.2 -δαις, 23 -δᾱν); cf. Πωλυάνακτις (Sapph.155 acc.sg. -ιδα)
Πωλύαναξ (1x) is in LGPN vol. I as follows: "Πωλυάναξ [m.] Mytilene vii/vi BC Sapph. 99, 2; 155 (Πωλυανακτιδα (acc. adj.))".

Compounds in σοφο-

The name Σοφοκλέης/Σοφοκλῆς is very family, but there are surprisingly few compounds with σοφο- as a first member (contrast φιλό-σοφος, etc.). LSJ knows σοφο-τέχηνης from an inscription of 149 AD, σοφό-νους as a nonce-word in Lucian (Colvin 2007: 270-271, no. 92),  and cites the curious σοφιβόλος from P.Oxy. XVI 1873 (actually a ghostword: ἀ<μ>φιβόλον is now read instead of σοφιβῶλον), but reports no others.


That inscription ends with a Roman date (by consuls and with reference to the Ides of No(v)ember) in a dative (!) absolute: Ὀρφίτῳ καὶ Σοσ|σίῳ Πρείσκῳ ὑπάτοις, εἴδοις Νοεμβρίαις. Jannaris (1897: 499-500) cites several examples, but not this one.

The Revised Supplement, p. 279, reports σοφο-διδάσκαλος from an inscription from Sardis.

E.A. Sophocles, pp. 1001-1002, reports σοφό-δωρος (and a feminine counterpart in -δοτις) and σοφο-ποιός with its derivatives, all from Pseudo-Dionysios.


The onomastic data confirms the rarity of σοφο- compounds:

[ Note that Λαϝόσοϝος is falsely returned (see CEG I 444). ]

All of this serves to underline that the Teacher of Rhetoric's suggestion that one should sprinkle in words like σοφόνους is comical. There too χειρί-σοφος is recommended, which appears as a name 4x. Colvin translates 'cheirosophic'.

A Koine dvandva

DGE, but not LSJ (or the Rev.Supp.), has an entry for Διονυσο-πλάτων referring to a signet ring with a depiction not only of Dionysus (note the name of the witness and of his father), but also of Plato thereon: 'Dioniso-Platón, representación de Dioniso y Platón'.

The eighth of nine witnesses to P.Oxy. I 105 (118-138 CE) wrote/had written (lines 19-20): 
Διονύσιος Διον[υσ]ίου τ[ο]ῦ Διογένους ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆ[ς] πόλεως
μαρτ[υ]ρῶ[τῇ τοῦ Πεκύσιος διαθήκῃ, καὶ εἰμὶ] ἐτῶν τεσσαράκοντα ἕξ, οὐλὴ παρὰ κρόταφον δεξιόν, καὶ ἔστι μου ἡ σφραγὶς Διονυσοπλάτωνος.

The translation in the ed.pr. stops before the details of the witnesses...

A 'Greek' (?) from the margins

An inscriptions from Delos mention an individual with the ethnic Βακτριανός: ἀνάθεμα Ὑσπα{ι}σίνου Βακτριανοῦ (ID 1432, cf. IK Estremo Oriente 320 for the spelling of the name). This inscription is printed as IK Estremo Oriente 321 with Ὑσπαοσόνου.

Cf. Ὑσπασίνου Μιθροάξου Βακτριανοῦ in ID 442.109 (see too 443 and the supplements in 454 and 455).

For more, see Marie-Françoise Baslez (with the observations of A. Bresson), 'Présence et traditions iraniennes dans les cites de l'Égée', Revue des Études Anciennes 87.1 (1985): 137-155.

Mycenaean spiders and misspelled (?) hyacinths

DGE DMic, I, p. 122 has a-wa-ra-ka-na, in PY Un 1314,which may be related to ἀράχνη.
See Ventris-Chadwick Docs (2nd edn) 505 and 535: 'It is easier to make fun of the suggstion... than to suggest anything better;'.

Medicinal spiders, perhaps?

The ὑάκινθος appears with the spelling ἱακυνθο- as the first member of ἱακυνθοτρόφος, a compound epithet of Artemis in several inscriptions of Augustan date from Knidos.
The festival name ἱακυνθοτρόφια also occurs in some of these inscriptions, with which the more widespread spelling, ὑακινθοτρόφια, may be contrasted. LSJ reports the latter from Miletus only. Page suggested such a spelling in Alc.296b.8.

The father and son of Ptolemy I Soter

OLD, IV, p. 997, iii, has 'Lāgus ~i, m. The father of Ptolemy I of Egypt...'. The citations from Lucan 8.802 and Silius 17.591 show that the is long. An adjective Lāgēus ~a ~um, a. Of Lagus' is also reported.

The Greek forms Λά̄ᾱγος and Λᾶγος continue Λά̄ϝᾱγος (vowel quantities inferred from λᾱός and from -ηγός στρατηγός, κυνᾱγός, etc., but is also confirmed by the hexameter Call.fr.734 Pf.; the trisyllabic spelling is found in papyri and inscriptions). The former was used by the father of Ptolemy, the latter by that bearer's grandson (Ptolemy's son by Thais). Ptolemy I Soter is currently a deadend in LGPN...

Rantidi 26 [Egetmeyer no. 196, p. 773] (a 6th-c. BCE inscription in the Cypriot syllabry) provides the earliest (imperfect) occurrence of this name: la-wa-ko.

A coffin and being compos mentis

See this Roman period inscription from Mytilene: Λούκιος Βαλέρι|ος Διογένης ζῶν | καὶ φρονῶν κατεσ-|κεύασεν τὸ ἀνγεῖ-|ον ...

The ἀγγεῖον is the coffin or sarcophagus.
For φρονέω so used, cf. LSJ s.v. IV.

Ships on both sides of the line

Homer has νηῦς and νηυσί (and νήεσσι; Aeolic νά̄εσσι), but also names in ναυ- and ναυσι-. There is also ναῦφι as a plural in various functions).

Od.8.111-120:
ὦρτο μὲν Ἀκρόνεώς τε καὶ Ὠκύαλος καὶ Ἐλατρεὺς
Ναυτεύς τε Πρυμνεύς τε καὶ Ἀγχίαλος καὶ Ἐρετμεὺς
Ποντεύς τε Πρῳρεύς τε, Θόων Ἀναβησίνεώς τε
Ἀμφίαλός θ’, υἱὸς Πολυνήου Τεκτονίδαο·
ἂν δὲ καὶ Εὐρύαλος, βροτολοιγῷ ἶσος Ἄρηϊ,
Ναυβολίδης, ὃς ἄριστος ἔην εἶδός τε δέμας τε
πάντων Φαιήκων μετ’ ἀμύμονα Λαοδάμαντα.
ἂν δ’ ἔσταν τρεῖς παῖδες ἀμύμονος Ἀλκινόοιο,
Λαοδάμας θ’ Ἅλιός τε καὶ ἀντίθεος Κλυτόνηος.
οἱ δ’ ἦ τοι πρῶτον μὲν ἐπειρήσαντο πόδεσσι·

Note -νηος and -νεως. There is also Ναυσίθοος (Od.6.7, 7.56, 7.62-63, and 8.565) and of course Ναυσικάα (Od.6.17, etc., 7.12, 8.457, and 8.464).

The key points are (L.R. Palmer, GL, p. 277):
(1) ναῦς and ναυσί show regular 'Osthoff' shortening (cf. Latin nāv-i-s for the long vowel), but νῆα, νηός, νηί, etc., of course, do not.
(2) νηῦς and νηυσί have eta by analogy with the rest of the paradigm. That analogy was not applied to the 'ship' personal names: 
(3) shortening in hiatus produces νέα, νεός (monosyllabic in Od.9.283), etc.

Plans and clods

Εὔ-βωλος is a dialect form of Εὔ-βουλος, not a name formed from βῶλος 'clod', unlike ἐρί-βωλος in Homer.

LSJ has a lemma εὔβωλος (βῶλον), which is in Dorotheus, but the entry only points to εὔπωλος, which is at Il.5.551 and S.OC.711.

The name Εὔβουλος is attested numerously (330x), but the few attestations of Εὔβωλος (15x) are far more restricted, chiefly to the regions of IG VII (hence <ω> not <ου> as the residue of *boln-) and to Tanagra in Boeotia at that.

Also, from a coin from Cnidos c. 400 BCE, there is ΕΥΒΩΛΟϹ (= Schwyzer 258). 


IG VII 3171 (line 3, inter al.) has the (loc.)dat.sg. Εὐβώλυ: another helpful Boeotian (see also this earlier post, its forerunner, and some of my favourite Boeotians)!
This one (LGPN IIIb. s.v. 19) can be found in the online database by searching for Εὔβουλος (!): 'IG VII 3171, 3, 15 etc. (Εὔ[βω]λος: s. Ἀρχέδαμος)'. The printed volume has Εὔβουλος as its lemma, and reads, for this 19th individual from Elateia in Phokis, 'IG VII 3171, 3, 15 etc. (-βω-: s. Ἀρχέδαμος)'.

Hyginus et al.

A.N. Jannaris in section 148b and note 1 of his Historical Greek Grammar lists 'ὑγίεια, ὑγία or ὑγεῖα' and cites as evidence 'in inscriptions the proper names are invariably spelt Ὑγεῖα Ὑγεῖνος (twenty-four different names; never Ὑγιει- ; cp. the Index to CIA iii p. 746). Moeris cites the first as Attic, the second as Hellenic.

We can go a stage further (without the precision possible at this point), with thanks to the LGPN, but its presentation has its limitations.

All spellings of the feminine personal name are lemmatized s.v. Ὑγίεια (60x) and all of the masculine personal name, by contrast, s.v. Ὑγῖνος (154x). Of the reported spellings of the latter, there are many -γεῖ-, some -γιεῖ-, a few -γῖ-, and many Latin spellings Hyginus. Few are Hellenistic, many are Imperial Roman, and a few are Byzantine.

Of the former, -γεία- and -γία- (often as Latin Hygia) prevail. The majority are Roman Imperial, with one each for Hellenistic and Byzantine individuals.

GVI 646.4 (Sparta, II Jh. n. Chr., but BC in IG V, 1, 726) gives a metrically guaranteed example of Ὑγίεια. Ionic in dialect, but note Ἀλεξά̄νωρ.

Nikanor and Nikenor

The Attic-Ionic form, Νικήνωρ is rare (17x in LGPN), while the non-Attic-Ionic form, Νικά̄νωρ is found aplenty (529x LGPN), as in Acts 6:5.

A prosopographic problem: one man, two sets of names?

Such a question concerns one Gaius Valerius Troucillus in Caesar's Bellum Gallicum 1.19 and Gaius Valerius Procillus at Bellum Gallicum 1.4<7.4&gt; and 5<3.5>. There were of course any number of Gaii Valerii (see e.g. 1.47.4), the poet Catullus among them.

Antigona, a courtesan at Athens

An Ἀντιγόνᾱ appears in Hyperides, Against Athenogenes 3 and 5. The same non-Attic-Ionic formation appears in Theoc.17.61 (the wife of Ptolemy son of Lagus) and in Plutarch, On the Fortune of Alexander, 339 E-F.

LGPN knows 57 Antigonai.