Indo-European warriors in the Hindu Kush

'It is commonly admitted that the parent language possessed an adjectival suffix *-es- which served to create compound adjectives from neuter s-stem nouns. The type is usually illustrated by pointing to equations like δυσμενής = Skt. (not RV) durmanas-, Gatha-Av. dužmanah-, Late Av. dušmanah 'having an evil mind' from which a nom. sg. *dus-menēs is reconstructable.'

T. Meissner. S-stem nouns and adjectives in Greek and Proto-Indo-European: a diachronic study in word formation. (Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2006): 161.

An Internet forum featured a discussion of the origins, spread, and modern use of this word in Hindi, Urdu, and beyond, especially on as spoken by a correspondent's grand-mother (!). More at Wiktionary, s.v.

The adjective is familiar from Greek poetry, but also appears in non-literary inscriptions (late 6th c. BC Arcadian; mid 5th c. Cretan  (a) (b)).

In this video, the eponymous faction of the Hezb-e-Islami is seen with its leader Gulbuddin Hekmatyar somewhere in Pakistan or Afghanistan, at some time probably in the 1980s.

Listen to the word they sing over and over.

There's more from or about Hekmatyar elsewhere on Youtube.

The adjective δυσμενής appears in some Argive inscriptions (Colvin 2007, no. 38 = Buck, no. 85 = Schwyzer, no. 83a) and, according to Colvin (2007: 142), is 'found also in Crete, Gortyn Law Code'.

Colvin's reference must be VI 46 (near the end of that column: see above), where Schwyzer, DGE 179 has αἰ κ’ ἐδδυσμενίανς πε|ρα[θε͂ι κ]ἐˉκς ἀλλοπολίας (cf. SEG XXIII 567): 'if one is sold into hostile hands,... (Buck 1955: 327).

This section is damaged, particularly at this point in this line, as the close-up below shows:

Line 46 is the middle of the three lines in the close-up.

More recent editions have (ll. 46-50): vac. αἰ κ’ ἐδδυσ̣[άμενον] πέ|ραν[νδε] ἐκς ἀλλοπολίας ὐπ’ ἀν|άνκας ἐκόμενος κελομένοˉ τι|ς λύσεται, ἐπὶ το͂ι ἀλλυσαμέν|οˉι ἔˉμεˉν πρίν κ’ ἀποδο͂ι τὸ ἐπιβά|λλον.
'If someone liberates another on account of an obligation towards him from some city because he was found out of the boarder ...' (the translation from a locally-obtained guidebook). Better, Willetts (1967: 44): 'If anyone, bound by necessity (ὑπ’ ἀνάγκης ἐχόμενος), should get a man gone away to a strange place set free from a foreign city at his own request,...'.

We should not conclude too much about the attestation and distribution of a compound adjective from a gap on the stone (and on its casts).

LSJ and the dialects: 'poetic'...

"In general LSJ has hitherto been somewhat loath to draw attention to varieties of register (a notable exception of their willingness to indicate that a word is 'poetic': not always with a justification or propery consideration of dialect variation 67)."

67 "... Some, but by no means all, of the questionable entries in LSJ can be attributed to 'Athenocentrism'; the majority, however, reflect indolence and ignorance , and a failure to perceive that dialect words are not themselves poetic."

D. Bain, Praefanda: the lexicography of ancient Greek aischrologia (ed. by Amy Coker). Eikasmos XXV (2014): 391-416, at 409.

Triphiodorus

The Loeb blurb comments, "and Tryphiodorus (papyri reveal the correct spelling to be “Triphiodorus”) deals with The Taking of Troy in 691 lines, beginning with the Wooden Horse and ending with the sacrifice of Polyxena.".

These papyri cannot be the one from Oxyrhynchus, P.Oxy. XLI 2946. The evidence of the documentary papyri can be assembled through Trismegistos People.

If the first member is τριφι-ο-, the Graeco-Egyptian deity Triphis is involved in a name with a geographically restricted distribution.

Lexical studies (Italian).

M.L. West wrote in Gnomon 42.7 (1970), 657-661 at 661, of Livrea's edition of Colluthus: 'I hope that Livrea will persevere with his edition of Triphiodorus ; that he will give it a more comprehensive introduction, a less constipated apparatus, and a better-balanced commentary; and that he will stop spelling the poet's name with a y.'.

LGPN knows no bearers of this name at this date of either spelling.

Why we should be grateful for Hesychius...

In addition to ἐλύμνιαι, Hesychius contains the following gloss:
λυκίσκος· ἡ μὴ ἔχουσα ἀξονίσκον τροχιλία, τρῆμα δὲ μόνον h ἢ ἄνοδος δώματος (LSJ δόματος) gn.

(Sketch to follow)

The noun in question occurs only in one manuscript of Mark the Deacon's Life of Porphyrius 98 (so Jerusalem Ms. H: others οἰκίσκος and D.A. Russell's extract, no. 100, in An Anthology of Greek Prose, pp. 279-281):

Κατελθοῦσα δὲ διά τινος λυκίσκου εἰς τὸν αὐτῆς οἶκον, ἤγαγεν τὸν ψίαθον καὶ τύλην ἀχύρων· καθαπλώσασα τὸν ψίαθον ὑπέβαλεν τὴν τύλην, καὶ προσπεσοῦσα τοῖς ποσὶ
τοῦ μακαρίου, παρεκάλει αὐτὸν γεύσασθαι τῶν μετρίων αὐτῆς βρωμάτων καὶ μὴ ἀναξιοπαθῆσαι ἐπὶ τῇ πτωχείᾳ αὐτῆς· ἦν γὰρ καὶ πρὸς ἑσπέραν.

More compounds and dialectal comparanda

ὑ-φορβός (Hom.), συ- (Od.) and thematised συ-ο- (prose); Εὔ-φορβος in Il.16.808, 850, 17.59, and 81.

ξεν- and -απάτης E.Tr.866, fr.667 but -απάτᾱς Pi.O.10.34.
ξειν- and -απάτᾱς Ibyc., but -απάτης E.Med.1392 (-ου).

ξενο-δᾰίκτᾱς Pi.Parth.Fr.13.30, but ξεινο-δαΐκτᾱς Ε.Hrcl.391.

Contrast -ᾱγόρᾱς (e.g. Cypriot Ἑλλ-, Ἐσθλ-, and Ἐσλ-) and -ά̄γορος (on a late archaic Cypriot gem Ἐσλᾱγόρο ἐμι). For the pair, see Masson-Heubeck, Kadmos 1 (1962): 151-152. In all, A.A. Thompson, 'Personal names from Ancient Cyprus with the element Ἑλλ(ο-)', Studies in Greek Linguistics 8. Thessalonica, 1987: 123-131.

Contrast Βου-κεφάλας [κεφαλή] and *-κέφαλος, seen in Latin (Gaius Plinius Secundus, Naturalis Historia 4.18.8); cf. -a and -an in 6.77.8 and 8.154.2) and, perh., in the gen.sg. Βουκεφάλου (contrast Βουκεφάλᾱ, and, perhaps, Βουκεφαλᾶ): Arethas, the Alexander Romance: Recensio γ (lib. 3) 33R line 106, Recensio Byzantina poetica (cod. Marcianus 408) 891, 3616, 6108), and headings in Recensio E (cod. Eton College 163) 18 and Recensio φ 21; (cf. 'Macedonian' κεβλή).

Hyphenation in LSJ

John Chadwick wrote in the 'Case for Replacing LSJ' (BICS 11 (1994): 2):
"One of the worst features of the 9th edition was certainly not the decision of the editors at all, but of the publisher. Every user must curse many times a day the idea of saving a little space by grouping words in long paragraphs. It would matter less that each lemma does not appear at the same point in the column, if at least it were given in full in bold type. Alas, the lemma is often reduced to three letters, two or even one letter, which not even bold type can render easily visible to the searching eye. In a lecture given in Oxford in 1948 R. W. Chapman, the Secretary to the Delegates of the Clarendon Press, under whom the project was launched, had the effrontery to claim credit for this astonishing lack of perceptivity. But this passage of his lecture was wisely omitted from the published text. What other damage he may have inflicted, I do not know."

This Chapman can also be found in the app.crit. to the OCT of Plato's Laws...


The run of words ὑπάλ-ειμμα, -ει-πτος, -ειπτρον, -ειπτρίς, -είφω, -ειψις (p. 1851) frames the problem neatly. Such hyphenation follows the formation of the words (ὑπ-, ἀλειπ-) nor their syllabification (ὑ-πα-λειμ-μα, etc.).

Such printing also obscures the accentuation in the ὑπάλ-, when followed by -ειπτρίς and -είφω, gives inexplicable, unnecessary, and impossible doubling of the accent on a single word (no enclitics are involved).

If that is possible, why should ὑπαλγέω, ὑπαλεαίνω, and ὑπαλεύομαι (all hyphenless) not be grouped under ὑπαλ- also, except on the criterion of a shared root and thus meaning? Cf. the ὑο- words which share a root, but have a range of meanings depending on the second element. Better still would be to divide at ὑπ-αλγέω, -αλεαίνω, -αλειμμα, etc.

The syllabification is a puzzling facet, since no less/other than H. Stuart Jones wrote 'Appendix V: Division of Greek Words', p. 75 in Horace Hart (M.A. Printer to the University of Oxford), Rules for Compositors and Readers at the University Press, 19th edn. (5th for publication): London and Oxford, 1905.

Based on papyri of Bacchylides, Thucydides, and Hypereides, he gives three exceptions to the rule that a syllable ends in a vowel:
(1) the consonant is doubled: Συρακούσ-σας, πολ-λῷ,  'and so' Βάκ-χος, Σαπ-φώ, Ἀτ-θίς;
(2) the first consonant is a liquid or nasal (or, according to some, a <σ>): ἄμ-φακες, ἐγ-χέσπαλον, τέρ-πον, πάν-τες, ἄλ-σος; ἄν-θρωπος, ἐρ-χθέντος, ἀν-δρῶν; but βά-κτρον, κάτο-πτρον, ἐχ-θρός; θέλ-κτρον, Λαμ-πτραί.
(3) Compounds. 'For modern printing the preference must be to divide the compounds παρ-όντος, ἐφ-ῃρημένος, but ἀπέ-βη may stand as well as ἀπ-έβη.'

A different issue surfaces in αἰνό-δακρυς, ὁ, = foreg., IG12(7).115 (Amorgos) [2nd/1st c. BCE]. Note the absence of an indication of inflection (-υος cf. πολύ-δακρυς) and a date for the inscription. The foreg(oing) is αἰνο-γόνος child of praise, which is a very different meaning. Was there ever an entry for *αἰνο-δάκρυος with which 'foreg.' would have been appropriate? Cf., e.g., πολυ-δάκρυος, but note that there '= sq.' directs the reader to πολύ-δακρυς for the meaning.

(-)θηκ- and fēc-

There are places in which τίθημι (better ἔ-θηκ-α) has the sense of its Latin cognate faciō (better fēcῑ). As LSJ s.v. B puts it 'put in a certain state or condition, much the same as ποιεῖν, ποιεῖσθαι, and so often to be rendered by our make:'.

Or, as Geoff Horrocks put it in his discussion of ἤθηκη in SEG XLVI 1313, the verb can mean 'make someone happy', but it cannot mean 'make a crown out of a lump of gold' (as facio can). The latter, as he notes, seems to be required in that inscription.

The point is underlined by a 'quotation' from Isaiah 5:20 in Mark the Deacon's Life of Porphyrius, 90:
Οὐαὶ τοῖς ποιοῦσι τὸ γλυκὺ πικρὸν καὶ τὸ πικρὸν γλυκύ,
τοῖς τιθεῖσι τὸ σκότος φῶς καὶ τὸ φῶς σκότος.

Ralhfs' edn. has the nominative masculine plural participle τίθεντες in both places and after οὐαί has οἱ λέγοντες τὸ πονηρὸν καλὸν καὶ τὸ καλὸν πονηρόν, κτλ.

Derivation in the wild, or 'because that's the name of the place!'

Sometimes, authors explain after whom or what a place or people was named and thus illustrate derivation to form an adjective, with various suffixes, from an noun. More examples to follow... ?

Herodotus, I 7.3
Οἱ δὲ πρότερον Ἄγρωνος βασιλεύσαντες ταύτης τῆς χώρης ἦσαν ἀπόγονοι Λυδοῦ τοῦ Ἄτυος, ἀπ’ ὅτεο ὁ δῆμος Λύδιος ἐκλήθη ὁ πᾶς οὗτος, πρότερον Μηίων καλεόμενος.
 
Mark the Deacon, Life of Porphyrius, 64:
Ἦσαν δὲ ἐν τῇ πόλει ναοὶ εἰδώλων δημόσιοι ὀκτώ, τοῦ τε Ἡλίου καὶ τῆς Ἀφροδίτης καὶ τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος καὶ τῆς Κόρης καὶ τῆς Ἑκάτης καὶ τὸ λεγόμενον Ἡρωεῖον καὶ τῆς Τύχης τῆς πόλεως, ὃ ἐκάλουν Τυχαῖον, καὶ τὸ Μαρνεῖον, ὃ ἔλεγον εἶναι τοῦ Κρηταγενοῦς Διός, ὃ ἐνόμιζον εἶναι ἐνδοξότερον πάντων τῶν ἱερῶν τῶν ἁπανταχοῦ.

ibid., 91:
Ὁ δὲ μακάριος ἐποίησεν πάντας ἀναθεματίσαι τὸν Μάνην τὸν ἀρχηγὸν τῆς αὐτῶν αἱρέσεως, ἐξ οὗ καὶ Μανιχαῖοι ἐκλήθησαν, καὶ κατηχήσας αὐτοὺς δεόντως ἐπὶ πλείστας ἡμέρας προσήγαγεν τῇ ἁγίᾳ καθολικῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ.

ibid., 92:
Μετὰ δὲ πενταετῆ χρόνον ἐτελειώθη τὸ ἔργον τῆς ἁγίας ἐκκλησίας τῆς μεγάλης, ἐκλήθη δὲ Εὐδοξιανὴ ἐκ τοῦ ὀνόματος τῆς θεοφιλεστάτης Εὐδοξίας τῆς βασιλίδος.

Some more compounds

From LSJ s.v.v.:

ἀνδρό-παις, αιδος, ὁ, man-boy, i. e. boy with a man's mind, of Parthenopaeus, A. Th.533; of Troilus, S.Fr.619, cf. Ar.Fr.53D.

ἀνδρό-πορνος, ὁ, cinaedus, Theopomp.Hist.17. - 'male prostitute' or 'man-whore' ?

ἀ-τυχής, but later μεσ(σ)ό-τυχος.

Possessive compounds: λεοντο-κέφαλος and -πρόσωπος. These are not nouns that refer to trophies or parts of rugs.
 
χρῡσο-σανδᾰλαιμοποτιχθονία, ἡ, goddess of the lower world wearing golden sandals and drinking blood, epith. of Hecate, Tab. Defix. in Rh.Mus.55.250 (-ατμο- lapis) = Audollent, 242.

ὠκῠ-πέδῑλος, ον, with swift sandals, swift-footed, Nonn.D.8.220.
ὠκύ-ᾰλος Il.15.705,
ὠκυ-πόδης Anth.5.222, ὠκύ-πος Anth.9.525.25 -πους Il.2.383

ὠκῠ-πέτης Il.8.42 advbl.
 
 

patrii sermonis egestas

So Lucretius 1.832 and 3.260. Horace, Ars Poetica, also addressed this point and others of lexical interest (ll. 47-72).

dixeris egregie, notum si callida verbum

reddiderit iunctura novum. si forte necesse est          

indiciis monstrare recentibus abdita rerum et

fingere cinctutis non exaudita Cethegis,          

continget dabiturque licentia sumpta pudenter,           

et nova fictaque nuper habebunt verba fidem, si

Graeco fonte cadent parce detorta. quid autem

Caecilio Plautoque dabit Romanus ademptum

Vergilio Varioque? ego cur, adquirere pauca

si possum, invideor, cum lingua Catonis et Enni

sermonem patrium ditaverit et nova rerum

nomina protulerit? licuit semperque licebit    

signatum praesente nota producere nomen.    

ut silvae foliis pronos mutantur in annos,

prima cadunt: ita verborum vetus interit aetas,

et iuvenum ritu florent modo nata vigentque.

debemur morti nos nostraque: sive receptus

terra Neptunus classes Aquilonibus arcet,

regis opus, sterilisve diu palus aptaque remis             

vicinas urbes alit et grave sentit aratrum,       

seu cursum mutavit iniquum frugibus amnis   

doctus iter melius: mortalia facta peribunt,    

nedum sermonum stet honos et gratia vivax.   

multa renascentur quae iam cecidere cadentque          

quae nunc sunt in honore vocabula, si volet usus,      

quem penes arbitrium est et ius et norma loquendi.

Words and meanings come and go. Cf. too 'The missing plays of Sophocles will turn up piece by piece, or be written in another language. Ancient cures for diseases will reveal themselves once more. Mathematical discoveries glimpsed and lost to view will have their time again.' -- Tom Stoppard, Arcadia.

'The best words in the best order', as my English teacher used to quote.

Other notes from the AP shall follow. For now, there is the plural of the personal name Piso (ll. 6 and 235, in reference to the father and his sons) and of the toponym Anticyra (ll. 299-301): nanciscetur enim pretium nomenque poetae, | si tribus Anticyris caput insanabile numquam | tonsori Licino commiserit (Loeb: 'for surely one will win the esteem and name of poet if he never entrusts to the barber Licinus a head that three Anticyras cannot cure'). Cf. Persius 4.16.

The book title of book titles

MacDonell's A Sanskrit Grammar for Students (Oxford, 1927: xiv) refers to a work called gaṇa-ratna-maho-dadhi 'the ocean of the gems of word-groups' by Vardhamāna in 1140.





This title surely puts the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae or Linguae Graecae to shame and in the shade.
  In relation to ratna, recall, from the first stanza of the first Vedic hymn to Agni (RV 1.1), ratna-dhā_tama(m) 'best bestower of ratna ('treasure')'. There are no IE cognates for ratna.

Compounds in σοφο-

The name Σοφοκλέης/Σοφοκλῆς is very family, but there are surprisingly few compounds with σοφο- as a first member (contrast φιλό-σοφος, etc.). LSJ knows σοφο-τέχηνης from an inscription of 149 AD, σοφό-νους as a nonce-word in Lucian (Colvin 2007: 270-271, no. 92),  and cites the curious σοφιβόλος from P.Oxy. XVI 1873 (actually a ghostword: ἀ<μ>φιβόλον is now read instead of σοφιβῶλον), but reports no others.


That inscription ends with a Roman date (by consuls and with reference to the Ides of No(v)ember) in a dative (!) absolute: Ὀρφίτῳ καὶ Σοσ|σίῳ Πρείσκῳ ὑπάτοις, εἴδοις Νοεμβρίαις. Jannaris (1897: 499-500) cites several examples, but not this one.

The Revised Supplement, p. 279, reports σοφο-διδάσκαλος from an inscription from Sardis.

E.A. Sophocles, pp. 1001-1002, reports σοφό-δωρος (and a feminine counterpart in -δοτις) and σοφο-ποιός with its derivatives, all from Pseudo-Dionysios.


The onomastic data confirms the rarity of σοφο- compounds:

[ Note that Λαϝόσοϝος is falsely returned (see CEG I 444). ]

All of this serves to underline that the Teacher of Rhetoric's suggestion that one should sprinkle in words like σοφόνους is comical. There too χειρί-σοφος is recommended, which appears as a name 4x. Colvin translates 'cheirosophic'.

A Koine dvandva

DGE, but not LSJ (or the Rev.Supp.), has an entry for Διονυσο-πλάτων referring to a signet ring with a depiction not only of Dionysus (note the name of the witness and of his father), but also of Plato thereon: 'Dioniso-Platón, representación de Dioniso y Platón'.

The eighth of nine witnesses to P.Oxy. I 105 (118-138 CE) wrote/had written (lines 19-20): 
Διονύσιος Διον[υσ]ίου τ[ο]ῦ Διογένους ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆ[ς] πόλεως
μαρτ[υ]ρῶ[τῇ τοῦ Πεκύσιος διαθήκῃ, καὶ εἰμὶ] ἐτῶν τεσσαράκοντα ἕξ, οὐλὴ παρὰ κρόταφον δεξιόν, καὶ ἔστι μου ἡ σφραγὶς Διονυσοπλάτωνος.

The translation in the ed.pr. stops before the details of the witnesses...

Love (or affection) in a warm climate...

Beekes s.v. νείφει comments:
"Deviating in meaning IE
*sneig^wh- 'snow', nix, nivis, νίφα, etc., not to mention English snow> is the zero-grade yod -present Skt. sníhyati 'to get wet, sticky', metaph. 'to find affection', with sneha- 'stickyness, affection, etc.', with a shift of meaning that has been ascribed to the mild climate, like in the Celtic word (see above <: a="" class="abbreviation" found="" grade="" in="" is="" present="" span="" thematic="" title="Old Irish" zero="">OIr. snigid 'it drops, rains'>)."

'An (un)easy commerce of the old and the new,...': The Dipylon Oinochoe and other epigraphica in LSJ

T. S. Eliot did not have epigraphic citations in LSJ in mind.

CEG 1.432 probably consists of two inscriptions (as LSAG), but many attempt variously to restore sense to the second line. This, one of the oldest Greek inscriptions (and in Attic, at that), if not the oldest, is cited thrice in LSJ: s.vv. <ὀρχ->ηστής IG1.^2 ... 919 (no date), ἀτᾰλός as IG 1.492a (no date), and δεκάω, as Ath.Mitt.18.225 with '(Attica, viii B.C. (?))', but also the fascinating 'dub. l. et sens.'.

Although παίζει (unless παίζηι) is mentioned s.v. ἀτᾰλός, the (first) hexameter is not cited in the entry for the verb, even though it has a claim to being one of its earliest appearances: the verb is '(never in Il.).

LSJ s.v. παίζω I 5 reads 'play amorously, πρὸς ἀλλήλους X.Smp.9.2; μετά τινος LXX Ge.26.8; of mares, Arist.HA572a30' (underling mine). The Dipylon Oinochoe, I presume, would belong here, if not s.v. I 2 'esp. dance': ℎὸς νῦν ὀρχεστο͂ν πάντον ἀταλότατα παίζει, ...

This brings us to Anacreon 72/417 PMG.
πῶλε Θρηικίη, τί δή με

  λοξὸν ὄμμασι βλέπουσα (1)

νηλέως φεύγεις, δοκεῖς δέ

  μ’ οὐδὲν εἰδέναι σοφόν;  (2)

ἴσθι τοι, καλῶς μὲν ἄν τοι

  τὸν χαλινὸν ἐμβάλοιμι,  (3)

ἡνίας δ’ ἔχων στρέφοιμί

  σ’ ἀμφὶ τέρματα δρόμου· (4)

νῦν δὲ λειμῶνάς τε βόσκεαι  (5)

  κοῦφά τε σκιρτῶσα παίζεις, (5)

δεξιὸν γὰρ ἱπποπείρην

  οὐκ ἔχεις ἐπεμβάτην.

Some other points of epigraphy and LSJ. The Preface, p. viii n. 2, reports, 'The appearance of a third edition of the Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum, completed in 1924, has necessitated the alteration of a large number of references. The pitfalls which beset the path of the lexicographer may be exemplified by the fact that on the first revision the word ἀπόπλωσις was illustrated by SIG^2 929.127, and this was altered by the concordance-table to SIG^3 685.127: fortunately it was discovered in time that the word had disappeared in the later text!'

S.v. ὄπισθεν the following is cited among instances in Homer: 'ὄπιθεν κομόωσαι ἔθειραι IG 12(9).1179.9 (Euboea);'. The absence of an indication of its date could mislead. The language is certainly that of early hexameter poetry (n.b. ὄπιθεν κομόωσαι and in line 1 λοετροῖσι), but it is far later than Homer (2nd c. AD: n.b. εἱδρυμένης, ἀλλὰ ἀτειμάσει in line 17 and καὶ Ὑγεία in line 41).

Privies at Pergamon

The noun ἀφεδρών 'privy' was only known from a passage shared by the Mark and Matthew until a long inscription (OGIS 483: a crude index of 'some' 'relevant' entries in LSJ) from Pergamon was published at the start of the twentieth century.

Locrian

IG IX, 1^2 3: 718 is more conveniently known as Buck^3, no. 57 (Buck^2, no. 55) and Schwyzer, no. 362. It is the oft-cited witness for the dialect of Western (Ozolian) Locris. The online version of LSAG 108.2 does not contain much information.

Note: line 4 - κατ’ αἰϝεί;
line 7 - παῖδα ℎεβατὰν (cf. Thessalian τοῦ εἱβάτα [accent as IG IX, 2 234, Schwyzer 567, Buck^2, and LSJ s.v., no. 34, but contrast Buck^3, no. 36.4 εἱβατᾶ and LSJ s.v. ἡβητής];
lines 10-11 μετὰ Λοϙρο͂ν το͂ν Ϝεσπαρί|ον (with Koppa and Digamma).

The other Locrian inscription, which contains two texts, obverse lines 1-10, reverse lines 11-17 (LSAG 108.4a for both sides, and 4b also) is Buck^3, no. 58 (= Schwyzer 363). The reference to 'IG vol. ix.1 edition 2 no. 718' should have 'no. 717', since no. 718 is the aforementioned Locrian inscription.

From phrase to compound adjective

ἀγκύλα τόξα Il.5.209+ : ἀγκυλό-τοξος Il.2.484+


θρόνα ποικίλα Il.22.441 : ποικιλό-θρονος Sapph.1.1.

Pindar has ἀγλαό-γυιος (N.7.4) and -δενδρος (O.9.20) and the Homeric Hymn to Demeter has -δωρος, while Homer has ἀγλαά both of γυῖα (Il.19.385) and of δῶρα (Il.1.213+) and Pindar has it of δένδρα (O.2.70). The Odyssey has ἀγλαά ἔργα, while Maximus (hexameter 68, section 5 'about marriage') has ἀγλαο-εργός 'ennobled by works' (LSJ s.v.).

For Pindar's Ἀγλαο-τρίαινα (Ο.1.40), cf. N.11.4 ἀγλαῷ σκά̄πτρῳ πέλας.

δημιουργός [δημιοεργός (Od., Hdt.), δημιοργός (Ion.), δᾱμιοργός (Dor., NWGr., Arc., Boeot.), δᾱμιωργός (Astypal.), δᾱμιεργός (Astypal., Nisyr.) name of an official.] "from *δημιο-ϝεργός, in turn from <*>δήμια ἔργα with verbal reinterpretation of the second member after the types ψυχο-πομπός; partly from -ϝοργός." (Beekes, s.v.).

ἀκρὴ πόλις Il.6.88, 257 : ἀκρό-πολις Od.8.494+

κύνες πόδας ἀργοὶ (ἕποντο|) Il.18.578 (cf. 18.283 πρίν μιν κύνες ἀργοὶ ἔδονται. |): Πόδ- and πόδ-αργος. See Meissner-Tribulato 2002: 297.

πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς Il.1.58+: ποδ-ώκης Il.2.860. (Contrast the order of elements in

ὠκῠ-πέδῑλος, ον, with swift sandals, swift-footed, Nonn.D.8.220).

οἰνο-βαρής Il.1.225: οἴνῳ βεβαρηότες Od.3.139, 19.122.

ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν (cf. Il.1.7) Ἀνάξ-ανδρος, Ἀναξ-ήνωρ, and Ἀναξ-ά̄νωρ.

From compound to personal name: 
λᾱο-σσόος Hom.+: a Boeotian Λαϝό-σοϝος CEG I 444. 

Mycenaean spiders and misspelled (?) hyacinths

DGE DMic, I, p. 122 has a-wa-ra-ka-na, in PY Un 1314,which may be related to ἀράχνη.
See Ventris-Chadwick Docs (2nd edn) 505 and 535: 'It is easier to make fun of the suggstion... than to suggest anything better;'.

Medicinal spiders, perhaps?

The ὑάκινθος appears with the spelling ἱακυνθο- as the first member of ἱακυνθοτρόφος, a compound epithet of Artemis in several inscriptions of Augustan date from Knidos.
The festival name ἱακυνθοτρόφια also occurs in some of these inscriptions, with which the more widespread spelling, ὑακινθοτρόφια, may be contrasted. LSJ reports the latter from Miletus only. Page suggested such a spelling in Alc.296b.8.

The father and son of Ptolemy I Soter

OLD, IV, p. 997, iii, has 'Lāgus ~i, m. The father of Ptolemy I of Egypt...'. The citations from Lucan 8.802 and Silius 17.591 show that the is long. An adjective Lāgēus ~a ~um, a. Of Lagus' is also reported.

The Greek forms Λά̄ᾱγος and Λᾶγος continue Λά̄ϝᾱγος (vowel quantities inferred from λᾱός and from -ηγός στρατηγός, κυνᾱγός, etc., but is also confirmed by the hexameter Call.fr.734 Pf.; the trisyllabic spelling is found in papyri and inscriptions). The former was used by the father of Ptolemy, the latter by that bearer's grandson (Ptolemy's son by Thais). Ptolemy I Soter is currently a deadend in LGPN...

Rantidi 26 [Egetmeyer no. 196, p. 773] (a 6th-c. BCE inscription in the Cypriot syllabry) provides the earliest (imperfect) occurrence of this name: la-wa-ko.